Examples of ‘Cooperation in Aggression’
The concept of Ta’avon Ala al-Udwan (cooperation in aggression) is also reflected in other verses of the Quran. For example, cooperation in opposing the Prophet (PBUH) is one of the examples of aggression: “… if you support one another against him, (know that) Allah is his Guardian, and Gabriel, and the righteous among the believers (Ali ibn Abi Talib); and thereafter the angels are his reinforcers.” (Verse 4 of Surah At-Tahrim).
The Holy Quran also commands us to avoid quarrels and differences, because anything that causes discord weakens the community and destroys its honor. Therefore, it says to avoid quarreling with one another on the basis of obedience to Allah and His Messenger (PBUH) and with the seasoning of patience: “Obey Allah and His Messenger and do not dispute with one another lest you should lose courage and your resolve weaken. Have patience Allah is with those who are patient.” (Verse 46 of Surah Al-Anfal).
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Cooperation and collaboration among individuals in society emerge when there is no grudge, envy, or hostility among them and they are far from vices such as backbiting.
This point indicates the reciprocal effect of cooperation on establishing many moral virtues in society and the undesirable effect of moral vices on the bond of cooperation.
The wisdom of many obligatory or recommended Fiqh (jurisprudential) rulings is to spread the spirit of cooperation and solidarity in society. In some branches of jurisprudence, jurists have cited the verse of cooperation as examples of cooperation in sin; for example, selling weapons or other goods to Kuffar Harbi (warring infidels), usury-based trading, trading with someone who uses money in a forbidden way, concluding a sale during Friday prayers, selling grapes, or renting something to transport wine are examples of cooperation in sin.
